Hair curler



O. C. KAVLE Sept. 15, 1925.

HAIR CURLER Filed March 20, 1924 Patented Sept. l5, Y'1925.

OSCAR C. KAVLE, OF SYRACUSE,

nnw YORK, Ass'IGNon. To E.

rnnnmucs, nrc., or

NEW YORK, N. Y., AICORPORATION OF NEW YORK. 4

HAIR comme Application led March 20, 1924. Serial No. 700,507.

To all whom z't may concern: l

Be it known thatvI', OSCAR C. KAvLE, a l citizen of the United States of America, of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, 1n the 5 State of NewYork, have invented new and useful Improvements in Hair Curlers, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, 1s a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to a hair curler involving the use of' an elongated tubular section and relatively short end sectlons connected to each other by means of a rod j extending through the tube whereby the V tubular section and end sections may be relatively rotated in one direction.

I am aware that devices of this character having opposite end heads rotatably mounted at the opposite ends of a tube and connected through by means of a rod, have heretofore been proposed, but in those devices the slotted head for receiving the binding cord terminates against the adjacent end of the tube where it is held against endwise displacement by the connecting rod extending through the tube without except the rod for holding it against radial movement. a

This radial movement is detrimental to devices of this character in that it allows strands of the hair to be caught in the joint and broken by the relative 'turning of the head and tube and also produces more or less uneven pulling of those strands at the roots, all of which is irritating to the party operated upon and prevents a perfect waving or curling of the hair.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide the slotted head with a relatively ong journal bearing within the adjacent end of the tube to hold said head and tube against relative radial movement and thereby to maintain a suiiciently smooth close fitting end-thrust bearing between the head 4,5 and tube to prevent strands of the hair from passing thereinto.

Furthermore, in the lmown devices of this character, the relative rotary movement of the slotted head and tube in one direction rotatable parts and any means of its rotation in the opposite direction is accomplished either by means of a ratchet and pawl action or by positive locks operable under spring tension which require their release before the relative turning movement can be' eii'ected, whereas in applicants device, the object is and the prevention to permit this relative turning movement in ,l one directlon' and to prevent such relative movement in the opgposite direction Without displacing any loc 'ng devices or without relatlve axial movement of the relatively thereby to assistv in maintainmg the smooth and tight end-thrust ont between the slotted member and the Other objects and uses relating to specific parts of the device will be brought out in the following description.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a face view of a hair curling devlce embodying certain features of my invention. l

Figure 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view, partly broken away, taken on line 2 2, Figure 1. v

' Figures 3 and 4*-are transverse sectional views taken in the planes of lines 3 3 and 1 -4, Figure 2. Y

igure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a modified form of a hair curler, partly broken away.

Figures 6 and 7 are transverse sectional views taken in the planes of lines 6-6, and 7 7, Figure 5.

The device shown in Figures 1 to 4 inclusive com rises an elongated tube .-1- of any suita le material 'having its exterior 'surface tapered from end 'to end, and 0pposite end heads -2 and '-3- rotatably mounted on the corresponding ends of the tube -1 and operatively connected to each' other by a connecting rod -4.- extending centrally through the tube `1`. Y v

A portion of the head 2- is rotatably mounted in the smaller end of the tube -1- and extends axially some distance beyond the corresponding end of said tube, the external, portion being of substantially the same diameter as 'the adjacent end of the' tube and provided with a diametrically extending slot -5- for receiving a binding cord commonly used for tying a bunch of hair together near the scalp preparatory to curling the same.

The outer ends of the arms of the bifurcated portion of the head 2 are preferably tapered or beveled to permit the cord to be readily inserted into the slot -5- and also to permit it to pass readily through the strands of hair.

The tube lis provided with a central lengthwise bore concentric with its axis and of greater diameter than the connecting rod -4.-, the opposite ends of said bore being cylindrical but of unequal diameters, that in the smaller end being of less diameter than that of the larger end.

The head -2- is provided with a reduced axially elongated cylindrical shank 6 of substantially the same exterior diameter as that of the adjacent end of the tube -1- journaled for relative rotation, the reduced end fforming a shoulder -7- which closely fits against the adjacent end of the tube thereby forming a smooth closed end-thrust joint between those parts to prevent any `possibility of strands of hair be` coming entangled or caught therein.

The reduced shank -6- closely fits within the adjacent end of the tube -1- to prevent relative lateral or radial movement of the head -2- and tube 1- and at the same time permitting those parts to be relatively turned when desired. f

This shank -6 is provided with a central threaded socket 8 of the same length as or less length than the distance between the inner end of the shank 6 and shoulder -'7- for receiving the adjacent threaded end of the rod -4- which engages the end wall of the socket and thereby serves to lock the head -2- and rod -4 to each other for simultaneous turning movement.

The periphery of the end of the tube -1- opposite that in which the head -2- is journaled is also cylindrical and upon this cylindrical periphery is journaled the head -3- to permit relative rotary movement of the connected heads -Qfand -3 and tube 1.

The inner end of the head -3- which is journaled upon the periphery of the adjacent end of the tube -1 is provided with a socket -9- of the same diameter as the exterior diameter of the adjacent end -of the tube so as to establish a close turning lit between the tube and head which telescope with each other.

This socket. extends outwardly some distance from the inner end of the head but is of less length than the head -3- thereby forming a shoulder 10 which abuts against the adjacent end face of the tube to limit the inward movement of the head -3.

The end of the bore in the tube -l adjacent the head -3- is enlarged to form an inner annular friction tace -11- and a shoulder l2- at the inner end of said friction face some distance from the corresponding end of the tube for receiving one end of a coil spring -18.

The portion of the head -3- between the shoulder l0- and the outer end of said head is bored to form an inner annular friction face 14.- of the same diameter as the friction face 1lin the adjacent end of the tube -1- for receiving the outer end of the coil spring --13, said bore forming a shoulder l5- some distance from the adjacent end of of the tube -1-.

The portion of the head -3- between the shoulder -15- and the outer end of said head is provided with an additional bore -16 in which the adjacent end of the rod -4- is closely fitted and is secured to the outer end of the head -3- by a diametrically extending pin -l7-, Figure 2.

The coil spring -13- is cylindrical and of the same exterior diameter as the interior diameter of the annular friction faces 11- and -l4-, said spring being compressed between the shoulders -12- and -15- so that its convolutions lie in close relation or in contact with one another thereby mainaol taining a uniform exterior diameter of the j coil spring for frictional engagement with the annular friction faces 11- and 14f-, the ends o the spring being unattached and tensioned so as to spring against the adjacent annular friction faces --11- and 14.-- Jfor permitting the relative rotation of the rod .-4- with the heads 2 and -3- thereon and the tube 1 in one direction `and rictionally preventing their relative rotation in an opposite direction.

In assembling the heads upon the tube, the rod -4- is tightly screwed into the socket -8- of the head -2- to lock those parts to each other fonsimultaneous rotation in the tube, as Jfor example, in a clockwise direction relatively to said tube or to permit the tube to be turned in a counter-clockwise direction relatively to the rod -4- andhead -2- without liability of loosening the lotking connection between the head and ro When the rod '-4- and head 2 are properly locked to each other, the head 3 is telescopically fitted upon a periphery of the adjacent end of the tube -1- with its shoulder -10- engaging the adjacent end of said tube after which the pin -17- is inserted through the outer end of the head -3- and corresponding end of thev rod 4,- to lock those parts together against rection manner as to 10 relative rotation and at the same time to permit them to be rotated in a clockwise diupon the adjacent end of the tube -1 or the tube may be rotated in a counter-clockwise direction within the adjacent end of the head `3` and upon the reduced portion of the head -2.

I he vcoil spring '-13- is wound in `such permit the relative rotations of the heads and tube in one direction and to frictionally lock them against movement in a reverse direction.

In otherwords, when the various parts of the curling device are assembled in the man ner described, any tendency to turn the heads -2- and -3- in a counter-clockwise din rection relatively to the tube *l* would be resisted by kthe tendency of such turning movement to unwindthe spring while the opposite movement would tend to wind the spring and thereby permit the clockwise movement of the heads and rod relatively to the tube, or the tube might be turned freely in a counter-clockwise direction relatively t0 the heads and rod.

The construction shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7 is somewhat similar to that shown in Figures l to 4 inclusive except that provision is made for yieldingly holding the head ranged coaxially -2- in `end-thrust engagement with the corresponding end of the tube to take up wear and to maintain a smooth and tight endthrust joint. l

For this purpose, the rod is preferably made in sections -4- and arend to end and coupled together at their adjacent ends by a' coupling 18- which is secured at one end to ther, inner end of the section by means of a pin J9-and has its other end,

provided with an axially elongated slot 20- for receiving radial pins 21 on the adjacent end of the section 4- thereby locking the two sections together but per-` mitting their relative endwise movement.

In this modified construction the tube is preferably composed of a relatively long section 'A-1- and a relatively shorter section -1, the larger end of the section 1- being threaded externally while the inner end of the section 41"- is threaded internally for screw engagement with the externally threaded end of the section 1", the two sections beingviirmly secured together after `the interior parts are properly assembled in a manner presently described. o

The rod sections 4'- and 4- extend axially throughv both of the tube sections -1- and -1` while the coupling -18- is preferabl located wholly Within the section lL-Q i The interior of the tube section -1- is provided with an annular shoulder -22 maintain a smooth against which is seated a hardened washer or equivalent bearing member 23- for receiving the adjacent end of a coil s ring Q4- said washer being provided with a central opening through which the rod section -4- extends.

This rod section is provided with a shoulder 25- between the coupling 18- and bearing member 23- and keyed to said rod section -4fby a pin -26-, Figure 5 to form a bearing for the adjacent end of the spring This -spring -24--- is tensioned to press the rod section 4'- toward the coupling member -18- for holding the shoulder -7- firmly against the adjacent end of the tube section -'lto take u wear and to and tight end thrust joint between the section -2- and the tube.

The outer end of the rod section 4- is vkeyed to an end section -3'- by means of a pin -17- whereby the turning ofthe head -3- movement to the rod sections -4- and and also to the head -2- which is secured to the vrod section -4- ina manner similar to that previously described for the construction shown in Figures l to 4 inclusive. ,s

yThe inner end of the head -3- is enlarged to form a shoulder -27 which is engaged by another shoulder 2S- on the outer end of the tube section 1- for holding the head -3 against outwad axial displacement.

That is, the inner enlarged section of the head -3- is journaled within the adjacent end of the tube section -land its re' duced end extends outwardly through and beyond a central opening in the outer end of said tube section to be turned by hand or by the application of a suitable tool thereto. s

The outer end of the tube section 1- and inner end of the head -3- are provided respectively with inner annular friction faces -11- and -14- for receiving and engaging the periphery of a coil spring -13-.

These annular friction faces are of the same diameter and are arranged coaxially end to end so that a portion of the periphery of the spring engages one friction face and another portion the other friction face, said spring being tensioned to rictionally engage both faces thereby permitting the connecting rod with the heads thereon and tube sections to be turned relatively to each other in one direction and preventing their'relative turning movement in the opposite direction in a manner similar to that previously described for the sprin -13-.

In order to form the iction faces ]l].-, and 14-, the adjacent ends of the tube will impart a similar turning,v

' of the spring section -1-- and head -3 are provided with coaxial sockets in which the spring -13 is located and engaged with the end walls of said sockets.

When the parts within the tubular sections are 'properly assembled and the tubular sections are secured to each other, the sprin -13- will be compressed by the end walls of the sockets in the adjacent ends of the tubular sections -1- and -3- until the convolutions are brought into close proximityand expanded against the frictional surfaces -11 and MJ- whereby the rod and tube may be relatively turned in one direction and prevented'from turning in the opposite direction as previously described.

. The periphery of the several convolutions -13- are, in this instance, liattened transversely to form better gripping surfaces for engaging the friction faces -1-1- and -14.

In' usin this device, a quantity of hair is tied toget er near the scalp by means of a cord and the ends of this cord are inserted in the slot -5- of the head -2- to hold it in islace for further use, after which the stran of hair which are tied together are wound spirally aroundand along the tube -1' or the tubular sections -1- and and firmly tied by the cords in place upon said tubes.

.Following this operation, the heads 2 and -3- and their connecting'rod -1 or the heads 2 and -3- with their connecting rod sections -4' and 4- may be turned relatively to the tube -1 or to the tubular sections -1- and -1" for stretching the hair and tighteningrit upon the tube or if desired, the tubey maybe turned -rela-tively to the rods andheads to effect a similar tight windingof the hair thereon.

When the bunch of hair has been properly tightened and stretched u on the tube, it may be treated in any we known manner to retain the curl or wave produced by the wilnling and stretching thereof upon the tu In Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, the periphery When the curling or waving operation is:

of the head -3- is preferably knurled to facilitate its rotary adjustment by hand while in Figures 5 to 7 inclusive, the outer end of the sleeve -3- may be turned by hand or by the application of a suitable tool thereto.

I claim: f

' 1. In a hair curling device of the character described, a tubular section, end sections engaging opposite ends of the tubular section and rotatable in one direction relatively thereto, said tubular section and one of the end sections having inner annular friction faces, and means frictionally engaging both of said annular friction faces for preventing the relative rotation of the corresponding sections in the opposite direction.

42. In a hair curling device of the character described, a tubular section, end sections engaging opposite ends of the tubular section and rotatable in one direction relatively thereto, said tubular section and one of the end sections having inner annular friction faces, means within the tubular section for transmitting rotary motion from one en section to the other end section, and means frictionally engaging both of said faces for preventing relative rotation of the corresponding sectionsin the opposite direction. 3. In a hair curling device of the character described, a tubular section, en'd sections engaging opposite ends of the tubular section and rotatable in one direction relatively thereto, said tubular section and one of the end sections having inner annular friction transmitting rotary motion from one end section to the other, and a coil spring frictionally engaging both of said faces lby its own tension for preventing relative rotation of the corresponding; sections in the opposite direction.

4. In a'hair curling device of the character described, a tubularsection, end sections engaging the opposite ends of the tubular section and rotatable relatively to the tubular section, a connecting the end sections for transmitting motion from one end section to the "other, one of the end sections and the adjacent end of the tubular section being provided with inner annular friction faces, and a coil spring ex anding against and frictionally engaging `oth of said faces to permit said relative rotation in one direction and to .prevent the relative rotation in the opposite l faces, means within the tubular section forv bolt within the tube and 

